五子棋是一种非常古老的策略性棋类游戏,其简单的规则和高度的游戏可玩性使其深受游戏爱好者的喜爱。随着计算机技术的不断发展,五子棋游戏也被移植到了计算机上,成为了一种常见的休闲游戏。本文将介绍如何使用Python编写一个简单的五子棋游戏,并使用Python的库进行封装,便于其他程序员参考和使用。
一、五子棋游戏基本规则
五子棋游戏是在棋盘上双方交替落子,最先在横、竖、斜方向上形成连续的五个棋子者为胜方的游戏。五子棋主要有以下几个规则:
1. 棋盘大小为15 * 15的方格。
2. 两人交替下子,黑方先手。
3. 棋子落在格子的交点上,每个交点只能落一个棋子。
4. 玩家只能放置自己的棋子,不得用对方的颜色来落子。
5. 当一方在横、竖、斜方向上形成连续的五个棋子(成为五连)时,即可获得胜利。
二、五子棋游戏的实现
下面我们将介绍如何使用Python编写一个最简单的五子棋游戏,该游戏只能在命令行中运行,玩家通过输入坐标来落子,没有任何图形界面。
首先定义一个15 * 15的棋盘,使用1表示黑子在该位置,-1表示白子在该位置,0表示该位置没有棋子。
```
board = [[0 for j in range(15)] for i in range(15)]
```
然后定义一个函数,判断某个位置是否可落子。如果该位置已经有棋子了,则不能再在该位置落子。如果该位置没有棋子,则可以落子。
```
def can_place(row, col):
return board[row][col] == 0
```
接下来定义一个函数,判断棋局是否结束。如果某一方在任意一个方向上形成了五连,则游戏结束,返回胜利的一方。如果棋盘上没有空位置,则游戏结束,返回平局。
```
def is_end():
for row in range(15):
for col in range(15):
if board[row][col] != 0:
if check_win(row, col):
return board[row][col]
if is_full():
return 0
return None
def check_win(row, col):
color = board[row][col]
if (col + 4 < 15 and board[row][col + 1] == color and board[row][col + 2] == color and board[row][col + 3] == color and board[row][col + 4] == color) or \
(col - 4 >= 0 and board[row][col - 1] == color and board[row][col - 2] == color and board[row][col - 3] == color and board[row][col - 4] == color) or \
(row + 4 < 15 and board[row + 1][col] == color and board[row + 2][col] == color and board[row + 3][col] == color and board[row + 4][col] == color) or \
(row - 4 >= 0 and board[row - 1][col] == color and board[row - 2][col] == color and board[row - 3][col] == color and board[row - 4][col] == color) or \
(row + 4 < 15 and col + 4 < 15 and board[row + 1][col + 1] == color and board[row + 2][col + 2] == color and board[row + 3][col + 3] == color and board[row + 4][col + 4] == color) or \
(row - 4 >= 0 and col - 4 >= 0 and board[row - 1][col - 1] == color and board[row - 2][col - 2] == color and board[row - 3][col - 3] == color and board[row - 4][col - 4] == color) or \
(row - 4 >= 0 and col + 4 < 15 and board[row - 1][col + 1] == color and board[row - 2][col + 2] == color and board[row - 3][col + 3] == color and board[row - 4][col + 4] == color) or \
(row + 4 < 15 and col - 4 >= 0 and board[row + 1][col - 1] == color and board[row + 2][col - 2] == color and board[row + 3][col - 3] == color and board[row + 4][col - 4] == color):
return True
return False
def is_full():
for row in range(15):
for col in range(15):
if board[row][col] == 0:
return False
return True
```
接下来定义一个函数,输出当前棋盘状态。
```
def print_board():
for row in range(15):
print(" ".join([str(board[row][col]) for col in range(15)]))
```
最后定义一个主函数,用于控制游戏的运行。该函数先输出当前棋盘状态,然后让玩家输入坐标,判断该位置是否可落子,如果可落子则在该位置落子,判断棋局是否结束,如果结束则输出游戏结果,否则交换棋手继续游戏。
```
def main():
player = 1
while True:
print_board()
if player == 1:
print("黑方下棋:")
else:
print("白方下棋:")
row = int(input("请输入行号(1-15):")) - 1
col = int(input("请输入列号(1-15):")) - 1
if can_place(row, col):
board[row][col] = player
result = is_end()
if result is not None:
print_board()
if result == 0:
print("平局")
elif result == 1:
print("黑方胜利")
else:
print("白方胜利")
break
player = -player
else:
print("该位置不能落子,请重新输入。")
```
三、使用Python的库进行封装
上述代码仅能在命令行中运行,没有图形界面,交互体验较差。为了便于其他开发者使用,我们可以把上述代码封装在一个Python的模块中,提供接口供其他程序调用。同时,我们也可以使用Python的库来实现图形界面,提高交互体验。
使用Python的Tkinter库可以简单地实现一个五子棋图形界面。
```
import tkinter as tk
class ChessGame(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master=None):
super().__init__(master)
self.master = master
self.master.title("五子棋")
self.master.geometry("600x600")
self.create_widgets()
self.player = 1
self.board = [[0 for j in range(15)] for i in range(15)]
def create_widgets(self):
self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self.master, bg="white", width=450, height=450)
for i in range(16):
self.canvas.create_line(i * 30, 0, i * 30, 450)
self.canvas.create_line(0, i * 30, 450, i * 30)
self.canvas.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=50, pady=75)
self.newgame_button = tk.Button(self.master, text="新游戏", command=self.newgame)
self.newgame_button.pack(side=tk.TOP, padx=100, pady=10)
self.quit_button = tk.Button(self.master, text="退出", command=self.master.quit)
self.quit_button.pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, padx=100, pady=10)
self.canvas.bind(" def newgame(self): self.canvas.delete("all") for i in range(16): self.canvas.create_line(i * 30, 0, i * 30, 450) self.canvas.create_line(0, i * 30, 450, i * 30) self.player = 1 self.board = [[0 for j in range(15)] for i in range(15)] def place(self, event): if self.player == 1: color = "black" else: color = "white" col = event.x // 30 row = event.y // 30 if self.board[row][col] == 0: self.canvas.create_oval(col * 30 + 5, row * 30 + 5, col * 30 + 25, row * 30 + 25, fill=color) self.board[row][col] = self.player result = self.is_end() if result is not None: self.show_result(result) else: self.player = -self.player def is_end(self): for row in range(15): for col in range(15): if self.board[row][col] != 0: if self.check_win(row, col): return self.board[row][col] if self.is_full(): return 0 return None def check_win(self, row, col): color = self.board[row][col] if (col + 4 < 15 and self.board[row][col + 1] == color and self.board[row][col + 2] == color and self.board[row][col + 3] == color and self.board[row][col + 4] == color) or \ (col - 4 >= 0 and self.board[row][col - 1] == color and self.board[row][col - 2] == color and self.board[row][col - 3] == color and self.board[row][col - 4] == color) or \ (row + 4 < 15 and self.board[row + 1][col] == color and self.board[row + 2][col] == color and self.board[row + 3][col] == color and self.board[row + 4][col] == color) or \ (row - 4 >= 0 and self.board[row - 1][col] == color and self.board[row - 2][col] == color and self.board[row - 3][col] == color and self.board[row - 4][col] == color) or \ (row + 4 < 15 and col + 4 < 15 and self.board[row + 1][col + 1] == color and self.board[row + 2][col + 2] == color and self.board[row + 3][col + 3] == color and self.board[row + 4][col + 4] == color) or \ (row - 4 >= 0 and col - 4 >= 0 and self.board[row - 1][col - 1] == color and self.board[row - 2][col - 2] == color and self.board[row - 3][col - 3] == color and self.board[row - 4][col - 4] == color) or \ (row - 4 >= 0 and col + 4 < 15 and self.board[row - 1][col + 1] == color and self.board[row - 2][col + 2] == color and self.board[row - 3][col + 3] == color and self.board[row - 4][col + 4] == color) or \ (row + 4 < 15 and col - 4 >= 0 and self.board[row + 1][col - 1] == color and self.board[row + 2][col - 2] == color and self.board[row + 3][col - 3] == color and self.board[row + 4][col - 4] == color): return True return False def is_full(self): for row in range(15): for col in range(15): if self.board[row][col] == 0: return False return True def show_result(self, result): if result == 0: message = "平局" elif result == 1: message = "黑方胜利" else: message = "白方胜利" tk.messagebox.showinfo("游戏结束", message) self.newgame() root = tk.Tk() app = ChessGame(master=root) app.mainloop() ``` 上述代码就是使用Tkinter库封装后的五子棋游戏。 四、总结 本文介绍了如何使用Python编写一个简单的五子棋游戏,并使用Tkinter库封装了图形界面。这个游戏只是一个基础版本,还可以根据需要添加更多功能,比如添加人机对战功能,使用深度学习算法训练一个五子棋AI等等。封装成Python模块和使用Tkinter库实现图形界面,旨在让开发者更加方便地调用和使用这个游戏,为开发更复杂的游戏提供参考。 如果你喜欢我们三七知识分享网站的文章,
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